Growth hormone (GH) is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration. As the name suggests, low growth hormone, also called growth hormone deficiency, is when the pituitary gland does not produce enough growth hormone.
What causes low GH?
- Damage or injury to the pituitary gland or hypothalamus (part of the brain that signals the pituitary gland to release GH)
- Genetic mutations that affect GH production and release
- Tumors in or damage to areas of the brain that control GH release
- Radiation or surgery that damages the pituitary gland
What are the symptoms of growth hormone deficiency?
- Slowed or stunted growth in children and adolescents
- Increased body fat, especially around the waist in adults
- Decreased muscle mass and strength
- Bone loss or osteoporosis
- Changes in blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels
- Low energy levels and increased fatigue
How is low GH diagnosed?
Doctors may order several tests if low GH is suspected:
- GH stimulation tests: Measure GH levels before and after stimulation with insulin, arginine, clonidine, or glucagon
- IGF-1 tests: Measure levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which is regulated by GH
- MRI scans: Look for pituitary tumors or damage
- Other hormone tests: Check levels of cortisol, testosterone, etc. to rule out pituitary issues
How is low GH treated?
- GH injections: Daily injections to replace missing GH. Dosage depends on age, gender, and severity
- Hormone medications: Medicines that stimulate the pituitary gland to produce more GH naturally
- Lifestyle changes like proper nutrition and exercise
For more information or to schedule an appointment, visit Vitality Health Center.